Radioserver na Raspberry PI: webová část

Zobrazení: 836

Webová část rádioserveru v Nette: správa stanic a nahrávání MP tři přes formulář, automatická tvorba m3u playlistu a restart stanice přes sudoers a systemd.

Toto je navazující díl k článku o serverové části rádia. Tam jsme postavili Icecast, Liquidsoap a systemd jednotky tak, aby stačilo mít playlisty .m3u v jednom adresáři a wrapper služba je rozjela. V tomto díle uděláme webové UI v Nette, které bude stanice spravovat: vytvoří stanici, nahraje MP3 soubory přes formulář, udrží tabulku tracků, vygeneruje slug.m3u a provede restart dané stanice.

Kompatibilita s prvním dílem: pořád platí, že server čeká playlisty jako /var/lib/radio/<slug>.m3u a podle nich startuje instance radio@<slug>.service (nebo wrapper restartuje všechny). Jen už je nevytváříš ručně, ale vytváří je web.

---

Co budeme stavět

• Sekci aplikace App\UI\Radio a presenter RadioPresenter.
• Tabulku stanic (radio_stations) a tabulku tracků (radio_tracks).
• Pohledy (Latte): seznam stanic, vytvoření, editace, detail stanice (upload + tracky + restart).
• Upload MP3 přes webový formulář, uložení do /var/lib/radio/uploads/<slug>.
• Generování playlistu /var/lib/radio/<slug>.m3u (absolutní cesty na MP3).
• Restart stanice přes sudoers a systemctl restart radio@<slug>.service.

---

Bezpečnostní zásady

• Webová část je admin sekce: ověřujeme přihlášení a roli admin.
• Web nebude mít plná práva roota. Dostane jen vybrané příkazy přes sudoers.
• Upload přijme jen MP3 (kontrola přípony), soubor se uloží pod bezpečným názvem.

---

Adresáře a práva na serveru

Budeme držet adresáře kompatibilní s prvním dílem:

• /var/lib/radio – výsledné playlisty <slug>.m3u
• /var/lib/radio/uploads/<slug> – nahrané MP3 soubory dané stanice

OCOL příkaz, který vše připraví (včetně setgid bitu, aby skupina zůstávala www-data):

Kopírovat

sudo bash -lc '
set -e
LOG=/tmp/radio_web_01_dirs_perms.log
exec > >(tee "$LOG") 2>&1

mkdir -p /var/lib/radio /var/lib/radio/uploads

chown -R root:www-data /var/lib/radio
chmod 2775 /var/lib/radio
chmod 2775 /var/lib/radio/uploads

echo "== perms =="
ls -ld /var/lib/radio /var/lib/radio/uploads

echo "DONE. LOG: $LOG"
'

---

Sudoers: povolíme restart stanice pro www-data

Web poběží jako www-data, takže mu povolíme restart instance radio@SLUG.service (a volitelně wrapper radio.service).

Kopírovat

sudo bash -lc '
set -e
LOG=/tmp/radio_web_02_sudoers.log
exec > >(tee "$LOG") 2>&1

cat > /etc/sudoers.d/fomixy-radio <<"EOF"
Defaults:www-data !requiretty

Cmnd_Alias FOMIXY_RADIO = \
	/bin/systemctl restart radio@*.service, \
	/bin/systemctl start radio@*.service, \
	/bin/systemctl stop radio@*.service, \
	/bin/systemctl restart radio.service, \
	/bin/systemctl start radio.service, \
	/bin/systemctl stop radio.service

www-data ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: FOMIXY_RADIO
EOF

chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/fomixy-radio
visudo -cf /etc/sudoers.d/fomixy-radio

echo "DONE. LOG: $LOG"
'

---

Databáze: tabulky pro stanice a tracky

Kopírovat

-- radio_stations
CREATE TABLE radio_stations (
	id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
	name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
	slug VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
	description TEXT NULL,
	created_at DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
	UNIQUE KEY uniq_radio_stations_slug (slug)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

-- radio_tracks
CREATE TABLE radio_tracks (
	id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
	station_id INT NOT NULL,
	original_name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
	stored_name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
	abs_path TEXT NOT NULL,
	title VARCHAR(255) NULL,
	position INT NULL,
	uploaded_at DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
	CONSTRAINT fk_radio_tracks_station
		FOREIGN KEY (station_id) REFERENCES radio_stations(id)
		ON DELETE CASCADE
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

CREATE INDEX idx_radio_tracks_station_pos
	ON radio_tracks(station_id, position, id);

---

Nette struktura

• app/UI/Radio/RadioPresenter.php
• app/UI/Radio/templates/Radio/default.latte – seznam stanic
• app/UI/Radio/templates/Radio/create.latte – vytvoření stanice
• app/UI/Radio/templates/Radio/edit.latte – editace stanice
• app/UI/Radio/templates/Radio/show.latte – detail stanice + upload + tracky + restart

---

Celý soubor: RadioPresenter.php

Poznámka: metody jsou odsazené tabulátorem.

Kopírovat

<?php
declare(strict_types=1);

namespace App\UI\Radio;

use App\UI\BasePresenter;
use Nette\Application\UI\Form;
use Nette\Database\Explorer;
use Nette\Database\Table\ActiveRow;
use Nette\Http\IResponse;
use Nette\Utils\Strings;
use Nette\Utils\FileSystem;

final class RadioPresenter extends BasePresenter
{
	private Explorer $db;

	private ?ActiveRow $station = null;

	private const RADIO_M3U_DIR = '/var/lib/radio';
	private const RADIO_UPLOAD_DIR = '/var/lib/radio/uploads';
	private const SYSTEMD_BIN = '/bin/systemctl';

	public function __construct(Explorer $db)
	{
		parent::__construct();
		$this->db = $db;
	}

	private function requireAdmin(): void
	{
		$user = $this->getUser();
		if (!$user->isLoggedIn() || !$user->isInRole('admin')) {
			$this->flashMessage($this->translator->translate('insufficient.rights'), 'error');
			$this->redirect(':Admin:SignIn');
			$this->error('Access denied', IResponse::S403_FORBIDDEN);
		}
	}

	public function renderDefault(): void
	{
		$this->requireAdmin();

		$this->template->pageTitle = 'Rádio – stanice';
		$this->template->stations = $this->db->table('radio_stations')->order('name');
	}

	public function actionCreate(): void
	{
		$this->requireAdmin();
		$this->template->pageTitle = 'Vytvořit stanici';
	}

	public function renderCreate(): void
	{
		$this->requireAdmin();
		$this->template->pageTitle = 'Vytvořit stanici';
	}

	public function actionEdit(int $id): void
	{
		$this->requireAdmin();

		$station = $this->db->table('radio_stations')->get($id);
		if (!$station) {
			$this->flashMessage('Stanice nebyla nalezena.', 'danger');
			$this->redirect('Radio:default');
		}

		$this->station = $station;
		$this->template->station = $station;
	}

	public function renderEdit(int $id): void
	{
		$this->requireAdmin();

		if ($this->station === null) {
			$this->station = $this->db->table('radio_stations')->get($id);
			$this->template->station = $this->station;
		}

		if ($this->station !== null) {
			$station = $this->station;

			$this->template->pageTitle = 'Upravit stanici – ' . $station->name;

			$form = $this['stationForm'];
			$form->setDefaults([
				'name' => $station->name,
				'slug' => $station->slug,
				'description' => $station->description,
			]);
		}
	}

	public function actionShow(string $slug): void
	{
		$this->requireAdmin();

		$station = $this->db->table('radio_stations')
			->where('slug', $slug)
			->fetch();

		if (!$station) {
			$this->flashMessage('Stanice nebyla nalezena.', 'danger');
			$this->redirect('Radio:default');
		}

		$this->station = $station;

		$tracks = $this->db->table('radio_tracks')
			->where('station_id', $station->id)
			->order('position IS NULL, position ASC, id ASC');

		$this->template->station = $station;
		$this->template->tracks = $tracks;

		$this->template->playlistPath = rtrim(self::RADIO_M3U_DIR, '/') . '/' . $station->slug . '.m3u';
	}

	public function renderShow(string $slug): void
	{
		$this->requireAdmin();
		$this->template->pageTitle = $this->station ? (string) $this->station->name : 'Rádio';
	}

	protected function createComponentStationForm(): Form
	{
		$form = new Form;

		$form->addText('name', 'Název stanice:')
			->setRequired('Zadej název stanice.');

		$form->addText('slug', 'URL adresa (slug):')
			->setRequired('Zadej slug stanice (bez mezer).');

		$form->addTextArea('description', 'Popis stanice:');

		$form->addSubmit('send', 'Uložit');

		$form->onSuccess[] = function (Form $form, \stdClass $values): void {
			$this->processStationForm($values);
		};

		return $form;
	}

	private function processStationForm(\stdClass $values): void
	{
		$id = $this->getParameter('id');
		$slug = $this->sanitizeSlug((string) $values->slug);

		if ($slug === '') {
			$this->flashMessage('Slug nesmí být prázdný.', 'danger');
			$this->redirect('this');
		}

		$slugRow = $this->db->table('radio_stations')
			->where('slug', $slug)
			->fetch();

		if ($id === null) {
			if ($slugRow) {
				$this->flashMessage('Tento slug už existuje. Zvol jiný.', 'danger');
				$this->redirect('this');
			}

			$row = $this->db->table('radio_stations')->insert([
				'name' => $values->name,
				'slug' => $slug,
				'description' => $values->description,
			]);

			$this->ensureUploadDirForStation($row);
			$this->writeStationM3u($row);

			$this->flashMessage('Stanice byla vytvořena.', 'success');
			$this->redirect('Radio:show', ['slug' => $row->slug]);

		} else {
			$station = $this->db->table('radio_stations')->get((int) $id);
			if (!$station) {
				$this->flashMessage('Stanice nebyla nalezena.', 'danger');
				$this->redirect('Radio:default');
			}

			if ($slugRow && (int) $slugRow->id !== (int) $station->id) {
				$this->flashMessage('Tento slug už existuje u jiné stanice. Zvol jiný.', 'danger');
				$this->redirect('this');
			}

			$oldSlug = (string) $station->slug;

			$station->update([
				'name' => $values->name,
				'slug' => $slug,
				'description' => $values->description,
			]);

			if ($oldSlug !== (string) $station->slug) {
				$this->renameStationUploadDir($oldSlug, (string) $station->slug);
				$this->deleteStationM3uBySlug($oldSlug);
			}

			$this->writeStationM3u($station);

			$this->flashMessage('Stanice byla upravena.', 'success');
			$this->redirect('Radio:show', ['slug' => $station->slug]);
		}
	}

	protected function createComponentUploadTrackForm(): Form
	{
		$form = new Form;

		$form->addHidden('station_id');

		$form->addUpload('file', 'MP3 soubor:')
			->setRequired('Vyber MP3 soubor.');

		$form->addText('title', 'Název skladby (volitelné):');

		$form->addSubmit('send', 'Nahrát do stanice');

		$form->onSuccess[] = function (Form $form, \stdClass $values): void {
			$this->processUploadTrackForm($values);
		};

		return $form;
	}

	private function processUploadTrackForm(\stdClass $values): void
	{
		$this->requireAdmin();

		$station = $this->db->table('radio_stations')->get((int) $values->station_id);
		if (!$station) {
			$this->flashMessage('Stanice nebyla nalezena.', 'danger');
			$this->redirect('Radio:default');
		}

		$file = $values->file;
		if (!$file->isOk()) {
			$this->flashMessage('Upload se nezdařil.', 'danger');
			$this->redirect('this');
		}

		$orig = (string) $file->getName();
		$ext = strtolower(pathinfo($orig, PATHINFO_EXTENSION));

		if ($ext !== 'mp3') {
			$this->flashMessage('Povoleny jsou jen MP3 soubory.', 'danger');
			$this->redirect('this');
		}

		$this->ensureUploadDirForStation($station);

		$storedName = $this->safeFilename(pathinfo($orig, PATHINFO_FILENAME)) . '-' . date('Ymd-His') . '.mp3';
		$absDir = $this->getStationUploadDir((string) $station->slug);
		$absPath = $absDir . '/' . $storedName;

		$file->move($absPath);
		@chmod($absPath, 0664);

		$maxPosition = $this->db->table('radio_tracks')
			->where('station_id', $station->id)
			->max('position');

		$nextPosition = $maxPosition !== null ? ((int) $maxPosition + 1) : 1;

		$this->db->table('radio_tracks')->insert([
			'station_id' => $station->id,
			'original_name' => $orig,
			'stored_name' => $storedName,
			'abs_path' => $absPath,
			'title' => $values->title ? (string) $values->title : null,
			'position' => $nextPosition,
		]);

		$this->writeStationM3u($station);

		$ok = $this->restartStation((string) $station->slug);

		$this->flashMessage($ok
			? 'Skladba byla nahrána, playlist byl aktualizován a stanice byla restartována.'
			: 'Skladba byla nahrána a playlist byl aktualizován, ale restart stanice selhal.'
		, $ok ? 'success' : 'warning');

		$this->redirect('Radio:show', ['slug' => $station->slug]);
	}

	public function handleDeleteTrack(int $id): void
	{
		$this->requireAdmin();

		$track = $this->db->table('radio_tracks')->get($id);
		if (!$track) {
			$this->flashMessage('Track nebyl nalezen.', 'danger');
			$this->redirect('Radio:default');
		}

		$station = $this->db->table('radio_stations')->get((int) $track->station_id);
		if (!$station) {
			$this->flashMessage('Stanice nebyla nalezena.', 'danger');
			$this->redirect('Radio:default');
		}

		$path = (string) $track->abs_path;

		$track->delete();

		if ($path !== '' && is_file($path)) {
			@unlink($path);
		}

		$this->writeStationM3u($station);
		$ok = $this->restartStation((string) $station->slug);

		$this->flashMessage($ok
			? 'Skladba byla odstraněna a stanice byla restartována.'
			: 'Skladba byla odstraněna, ale restart stanice selhal.'
		, $ok ? 'success' : 'warning');

		$this->redirect('Radio:show', ['slug' => $station->slug]);
	}

	public function handleDeleteStation(int $id): void
	{
		$this->requireAdmin();

		$station = $this->db->table('radio_stations')->get($id);
		if (!$station) {
			$this->flashMessage('Stanice nebyla nalezena.', 'danger');
			$this->redirect('Radio:default');
		}

		$slug = (string) $station->slug;

		$dir = $this->getStationUploadDir($slug);
		if (is_dir($dir)) {
			FileSystem::delete($dir);
		}

		$station->delete();
		$this->deleteStationM3uBySlug($slug);

		$this->stopStation($slug);

		$this->flashMessage('Stanice byla smazána.', 'success');
		$this->redirect('Radio:default');
	}

	public function handleRestartStation(string $slug): void
	{
		$this->requireAdmin();

		$ok = $this->restartStation($slug);
		$this->flashMessage($ok ? 'Stanice byla restartována.' : 'Restart stanice selhal.', $ok ? 'success' : 'danger');
		$this->redirect('this');
	}

	private function writeStationM3u(ActiveRow $station): void
	{
		$slug = (string) $station->slug;
		$path = rtrim(self::RADIO_M3U_DIR, '/') . '/' . $slug . '.m3u';

		$tracks = $this->db->table('radio_tracks')
			->where('station_id', $station->id)
			->order('position IS NULL, position ASC, id ASC');

		$lines = ['#EXTM3U'];

		foreach ($tracks as $track) {
			$absPath = (string) $track->abs_path;
			if ($absPath === '' || !is_file($absPath)) {
				continue;
			}

			$title = trim((string) ($track->title ?: $track->original_name));
			$lines[] = '#EXTINF:-1,' . $title;
			$lines[] = $absPath;
		}

		if (count($lines) === 1) {
			@unlink($path);
			return;
		}

		$content = implode("\n", $lines) . "\n";
		$tmp = $path . '.tmp';

		$ok = file_put_contents($tmp, $content);
		if ($ok === false) {
			$err = error_get_last();
			$msg = $err['message'] ?? 'unknown';
			throw new \RuntimeException('Nelze zapsat M3U: ' . $tmp . ' (' . $msg . ')');
		}

		@chmod($tmp, 0664);

		if (!@rename($tmp, $path)) {
			@unlink($tmp);
			throw new \RuntimeException('Nelze přejmenovat M3U na: ' . $path);
		}
	}

	private function deleteStationM3uBySlug(string $slug): void
	{
		$path = rtrim(self::RADIO_M3U_DIR, '/') . '/' . $slug . '.m3u';
		if (is_file($path)) {
			@unlink($path);
		}
	}

	private function restartStation(string $slug): bool
	{
		$slug = $this->sanitizeSlug($slug);
		if ($slug === '') {
			return false;
		}

		$cmd = 'sudo ' . escapeshellarg(self::SYSTEMD_BIN) . ' restart ' . escapeshellarg('radio@' . $slug . '.service') . ' 2>&1';
		exec($cmd, $out, $code);
		return $code === 0;
	}

	private function stopStation(string $slug): bool
	{
		$slug = $this->sanitizeSlug($slug);
		if ($slug === '') {
			return false;
		}

		$cmd = 'sudo ' . escapeshellarg(self::SYSTEMD_BIN) . ' stop ' . escapeshellarg('radio@' . $slug . '.service') . ' 2>&1';
		exec($cmd, $out, $code);
		return $code === 0;
	}

	private function sanitizeSlug(string $s): string
	{
		$s = trim($s);
		$s = Strings::webalize($s, '-');
		return $s;
	}

	private function safeFilename(string $s): string
	{
		$s = trim($s);
		$s = Strings::toAscii($s);
		$s = preg_replace('/[^a-zA-Z0-9._-]+/', '-', $s) ?: '';
		$s = trim($s, '-');
		if ($s === '') {
			$s = 'track';
		}
		return $s;
	}

	private function getStationUploadDir(string $slug): string
	{
		return rtrim(self::RADIO_UPLOAD_DIR, '/') . '/' . $slug;
	}

	private function ensureUploadDirForStation(ActiveRow $station): void
	{
		$slug = (string) $station->slug;
		$dir = $this->getStationUploadDir($slug);

		if (!is_dir($dir)) {
			FileSystem::createDir($dir);
			@chmod($dir, 2775);
		}
	}

	private function renameStationUploadDir(string $oldSlug, string $newSlug): void
	{
		$oldDir = $this->getStationUploadDir($oldSlug);
		$newDir = $this->getStationUploadDir($newSlug);

		if (is_dir($oldDir) && !is_dir($newDir)) {
			@rename($oldDir, $newDir);
		}
	}
}

---

Pohledy (Latte šablony)

app/UI/Radio/templates/Radio/default.latte

Kopírovat

{block content}
<h1>{$pageTitle}</h1>

<p>
	<a n:href="create" class="btn btn-primary">Vytvořit stanici</a>
</p>

<table class="table table-striped">
	<thead>
		<tr>
			<th>Název</th>
			<th>Slug</th>
			<th>Akce</th>
		</tr>
	</thead>
	<tbody>
		{foreach $stations as $s}
			<tr>
				<td>{$s->name}</td>
				<td>{$s->slug}</td>
				<td>
					<a n:href="show, slug => $s->slug" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-primary">Detail</a>
					<a n:href="edit, id => $s->id" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">Upravit</a>
				</td>
			</tr>
		{/foreach}
	</tbody>
</table>
{/block}

app/UI/Radio/templates/Radio/create.latte

Kopírovat

{block content}
<h1>{$pageTitle}</h1>
{control stationForm}
{/block}

app/UI/Radio/templates/Radio/edit.latte

Kopírovat

{block content}
<h1>{$pageTitle}</h1>
{control stationForm}
{/block}

app/UI/Radio/templates/Radio/show.latte

Kopírovat

{block content}
<h1>{$pageTitle}</h1>

<p>
	<a n:href="default" class="btn btn-outline-secondary">Zpět na stanice</a>
	<a n:href="edit, id => $station->id" class="btn btn-outline-primary">Upravit</a>
</p>

<div class="card mb-3">
	<div class="card-body">
		<h5 class="card-title">Informace</h5>
		<p class="mb-1"><strong>Slug:</strong> {$station->slug}</p>
		{if $station->description}
			<p class="mb-1"><strong>Popis:</strong> {$station->description}</p>
		{/if}
		<p class="mb-0"><strong>Playlist:</strong> {$playlistPath}</p>
	</div>
</div>

<div class="card mb-3">
	<div class="card-body">
		<h5 class="card-title">Nahrát skladbu (MP3)</h5>
		{control uploadTrackForm:setDefaults(['station_id' => $station->id])}
	</div>
</div>

<div class="card mb-3">
	<div class="card-body">
		<h5 class="card-title">Tracky ve stanici</h5>

		{if $tracks->count('*') === 0}
			<p class="text-muted">Zatím žádné tracky.</p>
		{else}
			<table class="table table-sm">
				<thead>
					<tr>
						<th>Pozice</th>
						<th>Název</th>
						<th>Soubor</th>
						<th>Akce</th>
					</tr>
				</thead>
				<tbody>
					{foreach $tracks as $t}
						<tr>
							<td>{$t->position}</td>
							<td>{$t->title ?: $t->original_name}</td>
							<td>{$t->stored_name}</td>
							<td>
								<a n:href="deleteTrack!, id => $t->id"
									class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-danger"
									onclick="return confirm('Opravdu smazat skladbu?');">Smazat</a>
							</td>
						</tr>
					{/foreach}
				</tbody>
			</table>
		{/if}
	</div>
</div>

<div class="card">
	<div class="card-body">
		<h5 class="card-title">Ovládání služby</h5>

		<a n:href="restartStation!, slug => $station->slug"
			class="btn btn-warning">Restart stanice</a>

		<a n:href="deleteStation!, id => $station->id"
			class="btn btn-danger"
			onclick="return confirm('Opravdu smazat celou stanici včetně souborů?');">Smazat stanici</a>
	</div>
</div>
{/block}

---

Route do routeru

Kopírovat

$router->addRoute('radio', 'Radio:default');
$router->addRoute('radio/create', 'Radio:create');
$router->addRoute('radio/edit/<id>', 'Radio:edit');
$router->addRoute('radio/show/<slug>', 'Radio:show');

---

services.neon (pokud je potřeba)

Kopírovat

services:
	- App\UI\Radio\RadioPresenter

---

Diagnostika

OCOL diagnostika jedné instance:

Kopírovat

sudo bash -lc '
set -e
LOG=/tmp/radio_web_03_diag_instance.log
exec > >(tee "$LOG") 2>&1

slug="ZDE_DOPLN_SLUG"

echo "== playlist =="
ls -l "/var/lib/radio/${slug}.m3u" || true
sed -n "1,120p" "/var/lib/radio/${slug}.m3u" || true

echo
echo "== systemd status =="
systemctl status "radio@${slug}.service" --no-pager || true

echo
echo "== journal tail =="
journalctl -u "radio@${slug}.service" -n 200 --no-pager || true

echo "DONE. LOG: $LOG"
'

---

Závěr

Máš webovou část rádioserveru: admin UI pro stanice, upload MP3 do stanice, generování M3U do /var/lib/radio a restart instance přes systemd. Serverová část zůstává beze změny – jen playlisty generuje Nette aplikace.

---

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